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Kanji for Chaos
The kanji most commonly used for "Chaos" are 乱、沌.
乱
Kanji that mean Chaos
乱 is the working character for chaos: 混乱 (confusion, a breakdown of order), 乱れる (to fall into disarray), 反乱 (a revolt), 戦乱 (the chaos of war). It covers everything from a disordered desk to a country at civil war, and unlike the English word it implies that something orderly has been disturbed — there was a shape, and it broke.
沌 is not a word on its own. In Japanese it appears essentially only in 混沌 (konton), the primeval chaos before things were separated out: formless, undifferentiated, prior to order rather than left over from it. That is the philosophical chaos, not the practical one.
So the choice is 乱 for disorder that happened to something, and 混沌 for chaos as a condition of the world. A lone 沌 will not be read as anything by most people.
Before you use Chaos kanji
乱 is legible and reads as disorder, riot or disturbance — closer to 'turmoil' than to a stylish 'chaos'. 沌 alone is not a word and will simply puzzle a Japanese reader; if you want that sense, the two-character 混沌 is what reads.